👉 Infection, in the context of health and biology, refers to the process by which a pathogen—such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites—enters and takes control of a living host, typically a human or animal, leading to disease. This occurs when the pathogen breaches the body's natural barriers, such as the skin or mucous membranes, and begins to multiply or cause damage within the host's tissues. The immune system then responds to the infection, attempting to eliminate the pathogen through various mechanisms like inflammation, phagocytosis, and the production of antibodies. However, if the pathogen is highly virulent or the host's defenses are weakened, the infection can lead to symptoms ranging from mild discomfort to severe illness or even death. Understanding infection is crucial for developing treatments and preventive measures, such as vaccines and antibiotics, to combat diseases effectively.
