👉 Human infection by pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, occurs when these microorganisms enter the body and establish themselves, often leading to disease. This process typically involves the pathogen overcoming the body's natural defenses, such as the immune system, through various mechanisms like adhesion, invasion, or evasion of immune responses. Once inside, pathogens can multiply and cause damage to tissues and organs, resulting in symptoms ranging from mild irritation to severe illness or even death. Understanding human infection is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies, treatments, and vaccines to protect public health.