👉 Light, often perceived as a form of electromagnetic radiation, is fundamentally composed of particles known as photons. These photons are massless, charge-free entities that travel at the speed of light, embodying both wave-like and particle-like properties—a duality central to quantum mechanics. When light interacts with matter, these photons can be absorbed, reflected, or transmitted, but their most intriguing behavior is their ability to exhibit particle-like characteristics, such as discrete energy packets. This particle nature of light explains phenomena like the photoelectric effect, where light ejects electrons from a material only if its frequency exceeds a threshold, and it underpins technologies ranging from solar cells to fiber optics. Despite being particles, photons maintain wave properties, such as interference and diffraction, illustrating the complex and counterintuitive nature of quantum physics. Thus, the "hole" in light's particle nature lies in its dual identity: both a stream of energy and a localized disturbance that can be described by quantum principles.
