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Heteronuclear exchange RNA (HiIRE) infection, or more commonly referred to as "infection" in the context of molecular biology and virology, occurs when a virus or other nucleic acid molecule with a different genetic composition than the host cell's own nucleic acids enters and integrates into the host's cellular machinery. This can happen through various mechanisms, such as transduction by bacteriophages or the uptake of extracellular nucleic acids by the cell. Once inside, the foreign nucleic acid can hijack the host's replication processes, leading to the production of viral components and potentially causing disease. In the case of RNA viruses, this exchange can result in the formation of hybrid genomes, which may alter the virus's pathogenicity, host range, or immune evasion capabilities. Understanding HiIRE infection is crucial for studying viral evolution, pathogenesis, and developing therapeutic strategies against emerging viral threats.
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