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Guatemalan math, also known as "matematica guatemalteca," is a unique system of numeration that emerged in the 16th century during the colonial period, blending indigenous Mayan numerical practices with Spanish arithmetic. It uses a base-20 (vigesimal) system, similar to other Mesoamerican numeral systems like the Aztec quetzalcoatl, but adapted with a decimal (base-10) framework. Instead of the standard 0-9, it employs symbols like "ch'ak" (10), "k'uhul" (20), and "uun" (50), derived from Mayan glyphs, alongside the familiar digits 1-9. Addition and subtraction follow familiar rules but often involve unique operations, such as combining "ch'ak" and "k'uhul" for 10 or using the "uun" symbol to represent 50. Multiplication and division are more complex, relying on repeated addition or structured algorithms, often involving the "ch'ak" and "k'uhul" to simplify calculations. This system was integral to daily life, trade, and record-keeping in pre-Columbian Guatemala, later influencing modern Mayan numerals used today. Despite its complexity, it remains a fascinating example of cultural synthesis and mathematical innovation in the Americas.
guatemala math