👉 Geological mathematics intertwines physical processes with quantitative analysis to understand Earth's history and structure. For instance, erosion rates are calculated using differential equations, where variables like rainfall intensity, slope gradient, and rock resistance are modeled to predict landscape evolution over time. Radiometric dating employs decay constants and half-lives of isotopes to determine the age of rocks and fossils, often relying on exponential decay models. Stratigraphy uses principles of superposition and correlation to estimate relative ages, while plate tectonics integrates stress-strain relationships and fault mechanics to model crustal deformation. These mathematical frameworks bridge observational data with predictive models, enabling scientists to reconstruct geological timelines and processes with precision.
