👉 Foul math, often used in competitive mathematics, involves deliberately breaking standard mathematical rules or conventions to gain an unfair advantage. This can include, but isn't limited to, ignoring basic properties of arithmetic operations like commutativity or associativity, using non-standard definitions for functions or sets, or employing ambiguous notations that lead to multiple interpretations. For example, a mathematician might exploit the fact that not all definitions of "even" numbers include 0 or 1, or they might use non-standard models of arithmetic where the usual rules don't apply. Such maneuvers can produce counterintuitive results that seem mathematically absurd, but they highlight the importance of rigorous definitions and adherence to standard mathematical principles.
