👉 Focusing math is a technique used in optics and photonics to control the spatial distribution of light by manipulating its phase. It involves introducing a phase shift across a medium, which can be achieved using various methods like diffractive optical elements (DOEs), holograms, or spatial light modulators (SLMs). By carefully designing the phase profile, one can create regions of constructive and destructive interference, effectively "focusing" light at specific points or forming desired patterns. This allows for precise control over beam shaping, beam steering, and the creation of complex optical structures without relying solely on traditional lenses or mirrors. The underlying math involves solving Maxwell's equations coupled with the wave equation for the phase profile, often using numerical methods like the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) or beam propagation method (BPM) to simulate and optimize the focusing performance.
