👉 Light travels as particles known as photons, which are massless and exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties. When light interacts with matter, it can be absorbed, reflected, or transmitted, but its journey begins as individual photons. These particles of light propagate through space in straight lines, maintaining their energy and momentum. The flow of light particles is governed by the laws of physics, including Maxwell's equations, which describe how electric and magnetic fields interact to produce electromagnetic waves like light. In a vacuum, light moves at a constant speed, approximately 299,792 kilometers per second, a value known as the speed of light. When light encounters different materials or media, its path can bend due to refraction, or it can be scattered by particles in the medium, altering its direction and intensity. This dynamic interaction between light particles and their environment is fundamental to understanding phenomena such as shadows, lenses, and optical fibers.
