👉 Extraordinary light particles, or photons, are the fundamental units of light and electromagnetic radiation, defying conventional intuitions about matter and energy. These massless, chargeless particles exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties, a duality that underpins quantum mechanics. Photons carry discrete packets of energy proportional to their frequency, as described by Planck’s equation (E = hν), explaining phenomena like the photoelectric effect, where light ejects electrons from metals only if its intensity exceeds a threshold frequency. Their behavior is governed by Maxwell’s equations, yet they also obey quantum principles such as wave-particle duality and quantized energy exchange, as seen in processes like Compton scattering, where photons collide with electrons, transferring momentum. Despite their intangible nature, photons are detected via photodiodes or human eyes, manifesting as visible light, X-rays, or gamma rays, and their study bridges classical electromagnetism and quantum physics, revealing the universe’s deepest layers of reality.
