👉 Light particles, often referred to as photons, are fundamental units of electromagnetic radiation that travel through space at the speed of light. These particles are massless and have no electric charge, yet they carry energy and momentum. When light interacts with matter, it can be exchanged in various ways, such as during absorption, emission, or scattering processes. For instance, when a photon encounters an atom, it can be absorbed, causing an electron to jump to a higher energy level—a process known as excitation. Conversely, when an excited electron returns to a lower energy state, it emits a photon, releasing energy in the form of light. This exchange of light particles is central to phenomena like photosynthesis, where plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, and in the broader context of electromagnetic interactions that govern the behavior of matter and energy in the universe.
