👉 Emerging and infectious diseases represent new or re-emerging pathogens that pose significant threats to public health, often due to factors like globalization, climate change, and changes in human behavior. These diseases can originate from various sources, including wildlife, livestock, and environmental reservoirs, and may spread rapidly across borders before being identified. Characterized by their novelty, these infections challenge existing diagnostic, treatment, and prevention strategies, as healthcare systems and public health infrastructures may not be fully prepared to manage them. Emerging infections can lead to outbreaks and pandemics, as seen with diseases like Ebola, Zika, and, more recently, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). The rapid mutation rates of some pathogens and the increasing interconnectedness of the world further exacerbate the risk, making surveillance, research, and international collaboration crucial in mitigating their impact.
