👉 Drainage engineering is the specialized field focused on designing, constructing, and maintaining systems to manage surface water and groundwater flow, preventing flooding, and ensuring the stability of structures. It involves a comprehensive approach to collect, convey, treat, and dissipate water efficiently while minimizing environmental impact. Key components include surface drainage systems like culverts, ditches, and stormwater pipes, as well as subsurface systems such as infiltration basins, retention ponds, and groundwater control structures. Effective drainage engineering requires a deep understanding of hydrology, soil mechanics, and environmental considerations to balance human needs with ecological preservation, ultimately safeguarding communities and infrastructure from water-related hazards.
