👉 Infection occurs when a pathogen, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, enters a host and begins to multiply or cause disease. This process involves several steps: first, the pathogen must adhere to host cells, often by binding to specific receptors. Next, it must penetrate these cells, either by entering through endocytosis or by fusing with the cell membrane. Once inside, the pathogen replicates, using the host's cellular machinery and resources. If the infection is successful, the pathogen can cause harm by disrupting normal cellular functions, triggering an immune response, or leading to tissue damage. The severity of the infection depends on factors like the type of pathogen, the host's immune status, and the site of entry. Early detection and treatment are crucial in preventing the spread of infection and mitigating its impact.
