👉 Crop engineering, also known as agricultural biotechnology or genetic engineering, involves the direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology to enhance desirable traits and improve crop performance. This process typically includes identifying and isolating specific genes responsible for beneficial characteristics such as disease resistance, drought tolerance, or increased nutritional value. Scientists then introduce these genes into the target crop using various techniques like Agrobacterium-mediated transformation or CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. The goal is to create genetically modified (GM) crops that can grow in challenging environments, produce higher yields, and require fewer chemical inputs, ultimately contributing to food security and sustainable agriculture.
