👉 In mathematics, a "coend" is a mathematical object that represents an object of higher type than any given object. It is often used in category theory and algebraic topology to represent objects or functors from one category to another. For example, consider a category C with two objects X and Y and three morphisms f1: XY and g2: XZ. The coend of the composite function (f1 ∘ g2) is defined as follows: coend(f1