👉 Blockchain math is the foundational set of mathematical principles that underpin its operation, primarily revolving around cryptography, number theory, and distributed systems. Cryptography, especially public-key algorithms like RSA, secures transactions by enabling secure key exchange and digital signatures. Number theory, particularly modular arithmetic, ensures data integrity through hash functions (e.g., SHA-256) that generate unique, fixed-size outputs for any input, making tampering detectable. Distributed systems math addresses consensus mechanisms (e.g., Proof of Work, Proof of Stake) to maintain agreement across decentralized nodes, preventing double-spending and ensuring trust without central authority. Together, these elements form the backbone of blockchain’s security, transparency, and immutability.
