👉 Beijing's air pollution, particularly its notorious smog known as "beijing fumes," is a significant environmental issue characterized by high concentrations of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) and other pollutants. These fumes primarily originate from a combination of industrial emissions, vehicle exhausts, and coal combustion, especially in the winter months when temperatures drop and air circulation is limited. The city's rapid industrialization and urban expansion have exacerbated these emissions, leading to severe health risks for residents, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Efforts to mitigate Beijing's fumes include stricter emission standards, the promotion of cleaner energy sources, and increased public transportation to reduce vehicular pollution. However, despite these measures, the city continues to grapple with the challenge of improving air quality due to its geographical location, which traps pollutants in a valley-like basin, further intensifying the pollution levels.