👉 Infection, particularly in the context of infectious diseases, refers to the process by which pathogens—such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites—invade and multiply within a host organism, leading to illness. These pathogens can enter through various routes, including respiratory droplets, contaminated food or water, or direct contact with infected individuals. Once inside, they exploit the host's cellular machinery to replicate, often causing damage to tissues and organs. The body's immune system responds by mounting an inflammatory reaction to combat the invaders, but this interaction can sometimes exacerbate the condition, leading to symptoms ranging from mild discomfort to severe illness. Understanding infection is crucial for developing effective treatments, preventive measures, and public health strategies to control the spread of diseases.
