👉 Fumes are a byproduct of combustion processes, characterized by their dense, often pungent, and sometimes toxic nature. Architecturally, fumes can be conceptualized as a critical consideration in the design and ventilation of buildings, especially those with high energy consumption or industrial activities. The architecture must incorporate effective ventilation systems to mitigate the buildup of these harmful substances, ensuring indoor air quality remains safe and healthy for occupants. This includes the strategic placement of vents, air filtration systems, and sometimes even green roofs or living walls to naturally purify the air. Additionally, architectural designs may include materials and surfaces that minimize the generation of harmful fumes, such as low-VOC (volatile organic compounds) paints and adhesives, further enhancing the indoor environment's quality.