👉 Alpine biology refers to the unique flora and fauna that thrive in high-altitude environments, typically above 2,000 meters (6,600 feet) where temperatures are cooler, oxygen levels are lower, and conditions are harsher compared to lower elevations. Plants in these regions, such as cushion plants, mosses, and low-growing shrubs, have adapted to extreme cold, strong winds, and intense UV radiation by developing compact, low-profile forms that minimize exposure and maximize heat retention. Animals, including marmots, ibex, and pikas, exhibit similar adaptations like thick fur, shorter limbs for heat conservation, and behavioral strategies such as hibernation or migration. These ecosystems are characterized by short growing seasons, specialized nutrient cycles, and a high degree of endemism, making alpine biology a fascinating study of life's resilience in challenging environments.
