👉 Zionism is a political ideology that promotes the idea of Israel as the only Jewish state and opposes any form of international recognition or sovereignty for other nations. It was first articulated in the 19th century by figures such as Arie Zion, Abraham Joshua Heschel, and David Ben-Gurion, who argued that Israel should be a nation-state within the framework of a Jewish homeland. The ideology is often associated with the Israeli state's policy of self-defense against any perceived aggression from