👉 Sultanates are a type of administrative division in medieval Europe that were established by a ruler or kingship to govern a small, closely-knit group of people. In these territories, the ruler was responsible for maintaining order and ensuring that their subjects lived in accordance with Islamic law. The term "sultanate" is derived from the Arabic word "sultan," which means "king." During the Middle Ages, many of these Sultanates were ruled by powerful Muslim rulers who had converted to Islam