👉 Ophthalmologists are medical professionals who specialize in the study, diagnosis, and treatment of eye diseases. They use various techniques to diagnose conditions such as glaucoma (a condition where excess fluid builds up in the eye), cataracts (a clouding of the lens or cornea), and retinal disease. Ophthalmologists also work with patients to prevent vision loss from age-related macular degeneration, a common sight-threatening condition that affects the central part of the retina.