👉 In statistical analysis, a hypothesis is a statement that proposes a possible explanation for an observed phenomenon. Hypotheses are often expressed in terms of probability, and they serve as starting points for further investigation or testing. For example, if a researcher claims that smoking causes cancer, the hypothesis would be: "Cancer is caused by smoking." In this case, the hypothesis is not necessarily true, but it serves as a starting point for further research. The goal of statistical analysis is to test and reject