👉 Haversine is a mathematical formula used to calculate the shortest distance between two points on Earth's surface. It was developed by Sir Isaac Newton in his Principia Mathematica (1687) and published in 1709. The term "haversine" comes from the Greek words "havers" meaning "sweeping" or "waving", and "nus" meaning "radius". The haversine formula is derived from the Pythagorean theorem