👉 Bootstrapping is a method of estimating the variability or standard deviation of a dataset by first sampling it and then re-sampling with replacement. This process is also known as resampling. It involves creating a set of samples that are not necessarily representative of the original population, but the sample size is large enough to estimate the spread of the data. For example, suppose we have a dataset containing 10,000 observations and want to estimate the variability of their values. We could randomly