👉 Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the joints, causing inflammation and pain. It can be caused by an autoimmune response in the body that attacks and inflames the joints. In RA, the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue in the joints, leading to swelling and stiffness. The condition typically begins in childhood or adolescence but can develop into a lifelong condition that affects many people. Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the most common forms of inflammatory disease worldwide.