👉 In the context of philosophy and logic, a refutation is an argument that directly contradicts or refutes an opponent's position. It refers to a logical step in a debate where one person presents a counterargument to another, showing that their point of view is incorrect or insufficient. Refutations are often used in academic debates to challenge the validity of arguments and to establish the truth of specific propositions. They can also be used in philosophical discussions to evaluate a theory's ability to explain phenomena and to assess