👉 Recursion is a mathematical concept where a function calls itself repeatedly until it reaches a base case. It is often used to solve problems recursively, such as calculating the factorial of a number or finding a specific pattern in a sequence. Recursion can be broken down into two main forms: recursive definitions and recursive functions. In recursion, the problem being solved involves calling itself with smaller values of the same variable until it reaches a base case (the value that has been passed to the function). The base case