👉 Pretraditional is a concept in the field of education that refers to the traditional educational system, which was established by governments and educational institutions prior to the modern era. It was characterized by a focus on the use of textbooks and standardized tests as primary means of assessing student performance. Pretraditional systems often emphasized rote memorization and didactic instruction rather than inquiry-based learning or critical thinking. Pretraditional education typically included a wide range of subjects, including mathematics, science, history, literature, and art,
