👉 Phobism is a philosophical position that suggests that fears or anxieties about certain objects, situations, or people are irrational and not based on any evidence. The belief in this perspective is often associated with thinkers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who argued that fear of death was an irrational emotion. In this view, the object itself (or something external to oneself) causes a person's anxiety, which is thought to be irrational. For example, someone might fear spiders because they are seen
