👉 In chemistry, a pentamerous substance is a compound that contains only one type of atom. This means that it has only one type of molecule or ion in its structure. For example, a pentameric substance would have only one type of carbon atom and one type of oxygen atom. Pentamers are common in organic compounds, such as benzene, which is made up of two types of nitrogen atoms (C-N) and two types of hydrogen atoms (H-H).