👉 Pathogeny is a branch of biology that studies how microorganisms, including viruses and bacteria, enter and infect living cells. This field involves understanding how pathogens cause disease in humans, animals, and plants by altering or destroying cellular structures and functions within the host organism. Pathogens are often classified into different types based on their mode of infection (e.g., bacterial, viral, fungal), as well as their genetic characteristics (e.g., type 1, type 2) that determine how they
