👉 The open fluid, also known as the open channel flow or free surface flow, is a type of fluid dynamics where the fluid moves through an open space with a defined surface that is not confined to a container. This means the fluid's surface is exposed to the atmosphere, and there is no pressure difference across the flow that would cause the fluid to rise or fall. Open fluid flow is characterized by its dependence on factors like gravity, fluid velocity, and the shape of the channel or conduit, often leading to phenomena such as wave formation, turbulence, and the potential for flooding. Examples include rivers, canals, and waterfalls, where the fluid's behavior is significantly influenced by external forces like wind and gravity.