👉 Nocardiosis is a bacterial infection of the lung that can cause inflammation and scarring. It is caused by Staphylococcus aureus, which is also known as "strep" or "staph." Nocardiosis typically affects children and young adults but can affect people of all ages. The infection can be life-threatening if left untreated. Treatment for nocardiosis usually involves antibiotics such as penicillin, azithromycin, or amoxicillin-sulbactam