👉 Magma, or mag fluid, is a complex and dynamic mixture of molten rock, dissolved gases, crystals, and other volatile substances that resides beneath the Earth's surface, particularly in volcanic regions. This fluid composition is crucial for volcanic activity, as it allows magma to rise through the crust due to its lower density compared to solid rock. Magma is rich in volatile compounds like water vapor, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide, which can significantly influence the explosiveness of eruptions when they reach the surface. The mag fluid's viscosity and gas content are key factors determining the style of volcanic eruptions; more viscous magmas with higher gas content tend to produce explosive eruptions, while less viscous magmas can lead to more effusive lava flows.
