👉 Fluid dynamics is the study of how fluids—liquids and gases—move and interact with their surroundings, governed by principles that describe the behavior of these substances under various conditions. It examines the forces acting on fluids, such as pressure, viscosity, and density, and how these forces influence flow patterns, including laminar and turbulent flows. Key concepts include Bernoulli's principle, which relates fluid speed to pressure, and the Navier-Stokes equations, which mathematically model fluid motion. Understanding fluid dynamics is crucial in numerous applications, from designing efficient aircraft and pipelines to predicting weather patterns and optimizing industrial processes like mixing and heat transfer.
