👉 In Islam, a caliph is a high-ranking Muslim official who serves as the spiritual and administrative head of his or her country. The caliph is generally the eldest son of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and is appointed by the Caliphate Council after the death of the previous caliph. The caliph acts as an intermediary between the people of the caliphate, who are Muslims, and the Islamic community outside of it. He serves as a symbol of authority and unity