👉 In the context of the Catholic Church, an antiepiscopist is a person who opposes or criticizes the papacy and its leaders. They may also be associated with elements within the Church that are seen as opposed to the traditional Papal authority. There have been many notable figures in history who have been anti-papal, including John Paul II, who was an outspoken opponent of Pope John XXIII's leadership and later became the first pope to formally reject papal primacy.