Definition: The term "pathology" comes from Greek, meaning "wrong direction". It's a medical discipline that studies the causes and effects of diseases, injuries, or abnormalities in living organisms. Pathologists study different parts of the body to look for signs of disease - such as spots where blood vessels are abnormal. They use various diagnostic tools like x-rays, endoscopy, and histology (in which cells, tissues, and organs are examined under a microscope). Pathologists often use advanced techniques like electron microscopy or immunohistochemistry to study the body's tissue. Pathology is important in medical research as it helps us better understand diseases. It also plays an essential role in diagnosis of various conditions - from minor injuries to life-threatening illnesses.