Definition: The term "Almagest" comes from Greek, meaning "all heavens," referring to all celestial bodies in our universe. It's a text of astronomical knowledge written by the astronomer Thales (ca. 62-190 BCE) during the Classical period, around the 3rd century CE. In the context of astronomy, this book is considered as one of the most important works on astronomical subjects and is the definitive reference for understanding the heavens. It includes extensive information about various heavenly bodies such as stars, constellations, planets, moons, and sunspots, along with detailed descriptions of their motions, sizes, appearances, and the phases of each celestial body. The book's title comes from the Greek word "Alli" or "all that is," indicating the total number of heavenly bodies mentioned in it. The Almagest was considered one of the works to influence later astronomers such as Copernicus who expanded on Thales' work with his heliocentric theory about the solar system and the universe. In summary, the Almagest is a foundational text that offers an extensive understanding of the heavens and includes detailed observations from ancient timekeeping systems. Its influence can be seen in modern scientific discoveries such as the heliocentric model developed by Copernicus.
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